The transport system in India includes Rail transport, Road transport, Air transport, water transport, and portal connectivity. India has one of the largest road networks in the world, the largest railway system in Asia and the second-largest in the world. In this article, we are giving a complete summary of the Transport and Communication System in India that will help the aspirants in the preparations of examinations like UPSC, SSC, State Services, CDS, NDA, Railways, etc.
The transport system in India includes Rail transport, Road transport, Air transport, water transport, and portal connectivity. India has one of the largest road networks in the world, largest railway system in Asia and second-largest in the world. Water transport in India is the oldest means of transport is still very poor.
Indian Railway is the 3rd largest rail network in the world after US and China. It is a multi-gauge, multi-traction system covering Broad Gauge (1676 mm), Meter Gauge (1000 mm), Narrow Gauge (762/610 mm) with around 64600 km route.
1. Indian Railway has 17 zones including newly formed Kolkata metro zone with production units are Chitranjan Locomotive works at Chitranjan, Diesel Locomotive works at Varanasi, Diesel Loco modernisation works at Patiala, Integral coach Factory at Chennai, Rail coach Factory at Kapurthala, Railwheel factory at Bengaluru.
2. The first rail railway line in India was operated for public traffic in 1853, between Bombay (now Mumbai) to Thane over distance of 34 km and it was nationalized in 1950.
3. The railways recognized by UNESCO are Darjeeling, Himalayan Railways, Nilgiri Mountain Railways, Chhatrapati Shivaji Terminus, and Kalka-Shimla Railways.
4. The Vivek Express ? from Dibrugarh to Kanyakumari ? travels 4,273 km, making it the longest run in terms of total time & distance.
5. The Konkan Railways passes through 3 states of India ? Goa, Maharashtra, and Karnataka. It runs along the Indian west coast parallel to Arabian Sea and Western Ghats. It is an extremely beautiful and scenic route running from Maharashtra till Karnataka.
6. The Dedicated Freight Corridor Corporation of India Limited (DFCCIL) is a corporation run by the Ministry of Railways (India) to undertake planning & development, mobilization of financial resources and construction, maintenance and operation of the Dedicated Freight Corridors. It is both enabler and beneficiary of other key Government of India schemes, such as Industrial corridor, Make in India, Start-up India, Stand-up India, Sagarmala, Bharatmala, UDAN-RCS, Digital India, BharatNet and UMANG.
Roads help in connecting far-fetch villages, interior countryside and hill areas which are not connected with railways. It is complimentary to railways. It acts as arteries for goods and passengers arriving at the railway station and often provides last-mile connectivity. India?s road network is the third-largest in the world.
1. Nagpur plan of 1943 classified the roads into four categories- National Highway, Highway, State Highway, District roads and Village roads. National Highways comes under the jurisdiction of the National Highway Authority of India (NHAI).
2. Longest National Highway: NH 44 covers the North-South Corridor of NHDP and it is officially listed as running over 3,745 km (2,327 miles) from Srinagar to Kanyakumari.
3. Shortest national Highway: National Highway 47A has a length of 6 km that links the Junction with NH 47 at Kundanoor to the Town of Willington Island in Cochin.
4. Best Expressway in India: The Ahmedabad Vadodara Expressway is known as one of the best Expressway in India and also referred to as the National Expressway 1.
5. Longest Elevated Freeway: Chennai Port Maduravoyal Elevated Expressway will be the longest Elevated Expressway in India.
6. Golden Quadrilateral (GQ) stretch which connects the four metro cities of India (Delhi, Mumbai, Kolkata, and Chennai).
7. National Highways are specifying by Yellow and White color milestones. State Highways are specifying by Green and White color milestones. City roads are specified by black and white color milestones.
Air transport is the fastest and costlier mode of transport.
1. It was started in 1911 in India between Allahabad and Naini
2. In 1995, the International Airport Authority of India and the National Airports Authority were merged to form Airports Authority of India. The authority manages the Civil Aviation Training College at Allahabad and National Institute of Aviation Management and Research in Delhi.
3. Pawan Hans Helicopter Limited has provided helicopter support services to the petroleum sector like ONGC, ODL, etc. and also provides services to certain state Governments, PSU and in the North-Eastern States.
Water transport in India is one of the cheapest modes of transportation.
1. There are six national waterways set-up by Inland waterways Authority of India in 1986.
2. Six National Water Ways: NW1- Allahabad along Ganga River, NW2- Sadiya-Dhubri along Brahmaputra River, NW3- Kottapuram-Kollam, NW4- Bhadrachalam to Rajahmundry and Wazirabad to Vijaywada along Godavari and Krishna River, NW5- Mangalgarhi to Paradeep and Talcher to Dharmara along Mahanadi and Brahmani River, NW6- Lakhipur to Bhanga along the Brak River.
3. There are 13 major ports and 187 minor ports. Maritime transport comes under the concurrent list of the Constitution, so central shipping ministry administers major and minor ports are administered by the respective coastal states.
Major ports on West Coast of India |Major ports on East Coast of India
The communication system in the modern line was started with Indian National Satellite System. It is one of the largest communication systems in Asia-Pacific Region. It is joint venture of Department of Space, Department of Telecommunication, AIR, IMD and Doordarshan.
1. India's telecommunication network is the second-largest in the world by a number of telephone users (both fixed and mobile phones).
2. Postal Services, Telegraph services are other important communication system but a telegraph is permanently closed in 2013. Indian personalities whose postage stamps have been issued in their lifetime
3. First Post Office of India: Bombay
4. Founder of Postal in India: Governor-General Lord Dalhousie
5. First postage stamp of India: Sinde Dawk in 1852
6. First Stamp of Independent India: Issued on 21 November 1947. It depicts the Indian Flag with the patriots' slogan, Jai Hind (Long Live India).
We live in a very connected world. Can you imagine if you couldn?t talk to your friends whether they lived in your building or thousands of miles away? Or if you couldn?t go to your favorite holiday location because there were no means of transport? The latest innovations and inventions have made such concerns invalid. Let us learn about transport and communication.
" />The transport system in India includes Rail transport, Road transport, Air transport, water transport, and portal connectivity. India has one of the largest road networks in the world, the largest railway system in Asia and the second-largest in the world. In this article, we are giving a complete summary of the Transport and Communication System in India that will help the aspirants in the preparations of examinations like UPSC, SSC, State Services, CDS, NDA, Railways, etc.
The transport system in India includes Rail transport, Road transport, Air transport, water transport, and portal connectivity. India has one of the largest road networks in the world, largest railway system in Asia and second-largest in the world. Water transport in India is the oldest means of transport is still very poor.
Indian Railway is the 3rd largest rail network in the world after US and China. It is a multi-gauge, multi-traction system covering Broad Gauge (1676 mm), Meter Gauge (1000 mm), Narrow Gauge (762/610 mm) with around 64600 km route.
1. Indian Railway has 17 zones including newly formed Kolkata metro zone with production units are Chitranjan Locomotive works at Chitranjan, Diesel Locomotive works at Varanasi, Diesel Loco modernisation works at Patiala, Integral coach Factory at Chennai, Rail coach Factory at Kapurthala, Railwheel factory at Bengaluru.
2. The first rail railway line in India was operated for public traffic in 1853, between Bombay (now Mumbai) to Thane over distance of 34 km and it was nationalized in 1950.
3. The railways recognized by UNESCO are Darjeeling, Himalayan Railways, Nilgiri Mountain Railways, Chhatrapati Shivaji Terminus, and Kalka-Shimla Railways.
4. The Vivek Express ? from Dibrugarh to Kanyakumari ? travels 4,273 km, making it the longest run in terms of total time & distance.
5. The Konkan Railways passes through 3 states of India ? Goa, Maharashtra, and Karnataka. It runs along the Indian west coast parallel to Arabian Sea and Western Ghats. It is an extremely beautiful and scenic route running from Maharashtra till Karnataka.
6. The Dedicated Freight Corridor Corporation of India Limited (DFCCIL) is a corporation run by the Ministry of Railways (India) to undertake planning & development, mobilization of financial resources and construction, maintenance and operation of the Dedicated Freight Corridors. It is both enabler and beneficiary of other key Government of India schemes, such as Industrial corridor, Make in India, Start-up India, Stand-up India, Sagarmala, Bharatmala, UDAN-RCS, Digital India, BharatNet and UMANG.
Roads help in connecting far-fetch villages, interior countryside and hill areas which are not connected with railways. It is complimentary to railways. It acts as arteries for goods and passengers arriving at the railway station and often provides last-mile connectivity. India?s road network is the third-largest in the world.
1. Nagpur plan of 1943 classified the roads into four categories- National Highway, Highway, State Highway, District roads and Village roads. National Highways comes under the jurisdiction of the National Highway Authority of India (NHAI).
2. Longest National Highway: NH 44 covers the North-South Corridor of NHDP and it is officially listed as running over 3,745 km (2,327 miles) from Srinagar to Kanyakumari.
3. Shortest national Highway: National Highway 47A has a length of 6 km that links the Junction with NH 47 at Kundanoor to the Town of Willington Island in Cochin.
4. Best Expressway in India: The Ahmedabad Vadodara Expressway is known as one of the best Expressway in India and also referred to as the National Expressway 1.
5. Longest Elevated Freeway: Chennai Port Maduravoyal Elevated Expressway will be the longest Elevated Expressway in India.
6. Golden Quadrilateral (GQ) stretch which connects the four metro cities of India (Delhi, Mumbai, Kolkata, and Chennai).
7. National Highways are specifying by Yellow and White color milestones. State Highways are specifying by Green and White color milestones. City roads are specified by black and white color milestones.
Air transport is the fastest and costlier mode of transport.
1. It was started in 1911 in India between Allahabad and Naini
2. In 1995, the International Airport Authority of India and the National Airports Authority were merged to form Airports Authority of India. The authority manages the Civil Aviation Training College at Allahabad and National Institute of Aviation Management and Research in Delhi.
3. Pawan Hans Helicopter Limited has provided helicopter support services to the petroleum sector like ONGC, ODL, etc. and also provides services to certain state Governments, PSU and in the North-Eastern States.
Water transport in India is one of the cheapest modes of transportation.
1. There are six national waterways set-up by Inland waterways Authority of India in 1986.
2. Six National Water Ways: NW1- Allahabad along Ganga River, NW2- Sadiya-Dhubri along Brahmaputra River, NW3- Kottapuram-Kollam, NW4- Bhadrachalam to Rajahmundry and Wazirabad to Vijaywada along Godavari and Krishna River, NW5- Mangalgarhi to Paradeep and Talcher to Dharmara along Mahanadi and Brahmani River, NW6- Lakhipur to Bhanga along the Brak River.
3. There are 13 major ports and 187 minor ports. Maritime transport comes under the concurrent list of the Constitution, so central shipping ministry administers major and minor ports are administered by the respective coastal states.
Major ports on West Coast of India |Major ports on East Coast of India
The communication system in the modern line was started with Indian National Satellite System. It is one of the largest communication systems in Asia-Pacific Region. It is joint venture of Department of Space, Department of Telecommunication, AIR, IMD and Doordarshan.
1. India's telecommunication network is the second-largest in the world by a number of telephone users (both fixed and mobile phones).
2. Postal Services, Telegraph services are other important communication system but a telegraph is permanently closed in 2013. Indian personalities whose postage stamps have been issued in their lifetime
3. First Post Office of India: Bombay
4. Founder of Postal in India: Governor-General Lord Dalhousie
5. First postage stamp of India: Sinde Dawk in 1852
6. First Stamp of Independent India: Issued on 21 November 1947. It depicts the Indian Flag with the patriots' slogan, Jai Hind (Long Live India).
We live in a very connected world. Can you imagine if you couldn?t talk to your friends whether they lived in your building or thousands of miles away? Or if you couldn?t go to your favorite holiday location because there were no means of transport? The latest innovations and inventions have made such concerns invalid. Let us learn about transport and communication.
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